Overview
The Great Himalayan National Park (GHNP) is located in the Kullu District of Himachal Pradesh, India. Initially constituted in 1984, GHNP was formally declared a National Park in 1999, covering an area of 754.4 sq kms. In 1994, two major changes were made in land use around the Park. A buffer zone of 5 km from the Park’s western boundary, covering 265.6 sq km. and including 2,300 households in 160 villages, was delineated as an Ecozone.
The
second change was the creation of the Sainj Wildlife Sanctuary (90 sq km)
around the three villages of Shagwar, Shakti, and Marore. On the southern edge
of the GHNP, another Protected Area (PA) was declared, known as Tirthan
Wildlife Sanctuary. This covers 65 sq km and is without habitation. More
recently, in 2010, both the Sainj and Tirthan Wildlife Sanctuaries were added
to GHNP, but will not be formally incorporated until a process known as
settlement of rights has occurred. Thus the initiated merger of Sainj and
Tirthan Wildlife Sanctuaries with GHNP will be followed by a process of
settlement to relocate inhabitants and make the area free of traditional
pressures, which may take some time. The total area under Park administration
(National Park, Wildlife Sanctuaries and Ecozone) is 1171 sq km, which is
together referred to as the Great Himalayan National Park Conservation Area
(GHNPCA).
In 2010,
an area of 710 sq km of the Parvati river catchment contiguous to the northern
boundary of GHNP was initially notified as the Khirganga National Park, adding
significant biological diversity, conservation value, and physical protection
to GHNP. The boundaries of GHNP are also contiguous with the Pin Valley
National Park (675 sq km) in Trans-Himalaya, the Rupi Bhabha Wildlife Sanctuary
(503 sq km) in Sutlej watershed and the Kanawar Wildlife Sanctuary (61 sq km),
adding additional protection and conservation value and opening up extended
wildlife corridors.
